Prostaglandins (PGs especially PGE2 and PGI2), bradykinine and leukotrienes(LT) are pain causing chemical or stimuli. These stimuli generate pain sensation.
Prostaglandins (PGs) especially PGE2 and PGI2 sensitize afferent nerve endingto pain including mechanical and chemical stimuli. These stimuli irritate mucous membrane and produce pain. Pain is also known as algesia.
Cell membrane phospholipid secrete arachidonic acid in the presence of phospholipase A (phospholipase A activated by chemical and mechanical stimuli).
- Arachidonic acid in the presence of cyclooxygenase (COX enzyme), synthesize prostaglandins (PGE2, PGI2, PGD2 etc). PGE2 and PGI2 are responsible for pain sensation.
- Arachidonic acid in the presence of lipoxygenase, synthesize leukotrienes (LT).

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